Search
FC MARKETS

Markets, money and the economy, explained for American investors

Topic

Irmaa

2 articles

Retirement

Medicare IRMAA Explained: How Income Raises Your Premiums

Higher-income retirees pay more for Medicare Part B and Part D through a surcharge called IRMAA. It is based on a tax return from two years earlier and works in brackets, so a single dollar of income can move you up a tier. Here is how it works, what counts as income and how to appeal.

6 min read

Retirement

Roth Conversions Explained: Taxes, Five-Year Rules and the Backdoor Roth

A Roth conversion moves pre-tax retirement money into a Roth account in exchange for paying income tax now. This guide explains how conversions are taxed, the two five-year rules, the pro-rata rule behind the backdoor Roth, the December 31 deadline and the side effects on Medicare premiums and other tax items.

7 min read